Angle-hanger for m ech anical-telephone li nes



(No Model.) I

G. F. SHAVER.

ANGLE HANGER FOR MECHANICAL TELEPHONE LINES.

No. 278,750: Patented June 5, 1883.

n. PETERS. Phuio-Lifhcgnpinr, Walhillgion. n. c

' up taut and keep it so.

.that section which is in the heat will expand, while the other sectionwill not.

. arises in the operation of the telephones upon UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE.

GEORGE F. SHAVER, OF

ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Application filed July To all whomit may concern: I

Be it knownthat I, GEORGE F. SHAVER, a citizen of the United-States,residing at Erie, in .the county of Erie and State of Pennsylvania, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Angle Ha-ngers forMechanical- Telephone Lines; and I do hereby declare the following to bea full, clear, and exact descrip tion of the invention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethe same.

This invention relates to devices for suspend ing the wires ofmechanical telephones; and it consists in providing a new and improvedangle-fastener.

In suspending the wires of mechanical telephones it is necessary thatthey be so adjusted that they will remain taut during the various chznges in the temperature. This is a very diflicult thing to do,especially when the line has to change its direction. It is not onlydifficult to draw a straight line taut and keep it so, but when the linehas to pass around corners of streets and make various other angles andcurves it becomes very difficult to put it For example, we will supposea line runs along the north side of an east-and-west street, and thenturns oif onto the east side of a northand-south street, and that thecorner it runs around is occupied by a high block of buildings. Whatwill be the result "2 Until about twelve o clock, noon, that part of theline on the east side of the northand-south street is in the shade,while that part on the north side of the east-and-west street is exposedto the direct rays of the sun; hence the temperature on one side of thecor-- her-fastening is high and on the other low, and

It will not do to let the wire sag to take up the expansion, for thatvwill destroy the sound conducting or vibrating power of the line. Theslack or expansion must be taken up by the corner hanger, and this insuch a way as to not in any way slacken the section of the line which isnot expanded by the heat. The same difficulty the line, regardless ofexpansion orcontraction arising from the temperature. When the diaphragmof a transmitting-instrument in a mechanical telephone is vibrated, thevibra- Patent No. 278,750, dated June 5, 1883.

17, 1882. (No model.)

tions are carried to the receivinginstrument erly carry such vibrationaround the corner. A

right-angle bend in the wire, or any angle other than an obtuse, (andthe more obtuse the bet ter,) will not permit avibration or an expansionto be properly adjusted or communicated. A simple obtuse bend in thewire is not sufficient. It must also be properly suspended and providedwith a proper degree of flexibility in its suspension. From the diagramFigure 4 in the drawings hereto attached, the effect of an or dinaryfastening is shown. The dotted lines show the effect of an expansion orendwise movement of the wire :10 upon the wire y. It

will be seen that an endwise movement of 1: produces less than half asmuch endwi'se movement in the wire 1 sound the wire x has to movelengthwise the thousandth part of an inch, the wire 3 will only movehalf as far, and hencethe receiving- Now, if in conveying a instrumenton the wire 3 will vibrate with only halfthe power it would if the wirewere straight, or the angle properly adjusted so that there would be nolost motion.

. The object of this invention is to provide an angle-fastening whichwill overcome fully, or

as nearly so as possible, the above-nan1ed obstacles and defects.

My device is illustrated in the accompany ing drawings, as follows:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view, and represents a line suspendedby one ofmy improved hangers. Fig. 2 is a plan showing the hanger holding thewire for a right-angle turn. Fig. 3 is a similar view, showing thehanger holding the wire for a slight deflection in its course. Fig. 4.is a-diagram illustrating the ordinary way of hanging the wire.

The letters of reference indicate parts as follows:

A is the post or other point to which the hanger is attached.

B is the wire or guy by which the hanger is I or line from falling.

connected to the post, and forms a part of the I able to make areturn-line operate perfectly.

hanger, in fact. It is composed of the single wire B, the two branches BB, and the spring b.

00 y z :0 represent the telephone-line. C is a cross-bar forming part ofthe hanger, and D D D are cords connecting the wire or line with thecross-head.

E E represent the telephones.

The construction can be easily understood from the drawings. The bar 0may be a rigid bar; or it may be made of flexible material. I prefer thelatter, as when so made they may all be alike, as they will bend toaccommodate themselves to the angle, while if made rigid various formswill have to be made to suit various angles. For instance, that in Fig.3 would have to be one form, while that in Fig. 2 would be another form;but when made of liexible material they will conform to the variousangles. The line m 9 2 at is attached to the bar 0 by cord-loops similarin every respect to those now in common use.

F is a safety-loop of strong wire put in the middle of the bar 0 andaround the line; 01'- dinarily it does not serve any purpose as afastening for the wire; but if the cord-loops should break, the loop Fwill prevent the wire As cord-loops have been found preferable forsuspending the wire, and as they are liable to become broken, it followsthat a safety-loop will often be of very great service. There are threecord-loops on each bar. Often j two are sufficient; but enough should beused to prevent the line being bent at any other than a very obtuseangle. As shown in Fig. 2, a right-angle turn can be made in the line,with three loops, D, in use, and only bend the line slightly at any onepoint. By studying the angles shown in this figure with reference to themovements shown in Fig. -.L -it will at once be seen that the difliculties shown to exist in Fig. 4 do not exist in the construction shownin Fig. 2 or the other figures. For instance, an. endwise movementtoward the hanger on line 00 in Fig. 2 of, say, one-sixteenth of aninch. will move the line 1 lengthwise almost precisely the samedistance, and so of the line z. The space 1) 1 D G will change its formslightly, but the line y will move prac tically as far as the line 00did. I have found by actual use ina large number of lines I have put upthat the sound-vibrations will pass along a line thus put up perfectly.I have put up a line with five right-angle turns in it and found it towork perfectly. iy further curving the bar 0 and using more loops D, Ihave been So far as sound-vibrations are concerned, the bar 0 could beheld rigid; but in order to take up the expansions and provide for thecontractions in the line incident to temperature, I connect the bar 0 tothe post or other point of attachment by a wire, B, having therein aspring-coil, b, by which I obtain an automatic tension on the line atthe angle. There are variousways by which this automatic tension can beobtained, which will quickly suggest themselves to a mechanic, and Itherefore do not want to be limited to any precise means, but prefer theone shown. The branches B B prevent the bar C from swaying pivotally onits guy, which is very essential.

I am aware that a fastener has been made consisting of a cross-head withtwo loops, which was connected to the post by a single wire which passedthrough an eye in the middle of the cross-head, thus forming a pivot atthat point. The above construction is found in Patent No. 238,744),issued to II. \Villard, March 8, 1881. I am also aware of theconstruction shown in Patent N 0. 218,707, August '19, 187 9, issued toBillings and Maxwell, wherein is shown a branched guy; but it must beobserved that the branches of this guy stand vertical and in no wayprevent the angle-holder turning pivotally horizontally on its guy, andso the object sought by my deviceis not there present. Therefore I donot claim as my invention such constructions; in fact, the resultsattained by my construction cannot be at tained by them.

\Vhat I claim as new is- 1. In a hanging device for mechanicaltelephonelincs, a bar, 0, with loops for holding the line-wire, which is securedto the post or other support by guy-lines extending from points on saidbar, each side of the middle thereof, whereby said bar is 1n'eventedfrom turning pivotally on its guy within the plane of the linewire,substantially as shown.

2. In a hanging device for meehanical-telephone lines, a curved bar, G,with three or more loops, D D D, placed at sut'liciently near intervalson said bar to hold the line-wire ap' proximately parallel with saidbar, substantially as shown, and for the purposes mentioned.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

G. F. SHAVER.

\Vitnesses:

.TNo. K. HaLLock. IV. R. EDELEN.

